Behavior & discipline
What Is a Manifestation Determination Review?
When a student with a disability faces a suspension or expulsion long enough to change their placement, federal law requires the school to hold a manifestation determination review (MDR) before removing them further. The MDR asks one core question: was the behavior caused by, or closely connected to, the child's disability — or was it the result of the school failing to implement the IEP? The answer changes what discipline the school can impose. This guide explains exactly when an MDR is required, who attends, what evidence actually matters, and how to prepare as a parent.
10 min read · Updated July 20, 2026
Read guide