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What is a Manifestation Determination Review Meeting Like?

A manifestation determination review meeting assesses whether a child's behavior is linked to their disability. It helps decide if disciplinary actions are appropriate or if changes to the IEP are needed.

Author
S.S. Education Advocacy Team
Reading time
5 min read
Last updated
Updated June 30, 2026
Topic
Behavior & discipline · Discipline rights

Understanding the Purpose

A manifestation determination review (MDR) meeting is a critical process in special education. It is convened when a child with an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or a 504 Plan faces disciplinary action that could result in a change of placement, such as suspension beyond 10 days. The goal is to determine if the behavior in question is a manifestation of the child's disability.

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) mandates this review to ensure that students are not unfairly disciplined for behaviors related to their disabilities. This process helps in making informed decisions about whether the school can proceed with the proposed disciplinary action.

Participants in the Meeting

The MDR meeting typically involves several key participants. This includes the child's parents or guardians, members of the IEP team, a school psychologist or other qualified personnel, and sometimes the child, depending on their age and ability to participate.

Each participant plays a crucial role. Parents provide valuable insights into their child's behavior and needs, while school staff offer educational and behavioral perspectives. Together, they collaborate to understand the context of the behavior and its relation to the child's disability.

The Meeting Process

The MDR meeting usually begins with a review of the incident leading to disciplinary action. The team examines the child's IEP, including any behavioral intervention plans, to assess if the school has implemented them correctly.

Next, the team discusses whether the behavior was caused by, or had a direct and substantial relationship to, the child's disability. They also consider if the behavior was a result of the school's failure to implement the IEP. This discussion is crucial in determining the outcome of the meeting.

Possible Outcomes

There are two primary outcomes of an MDR meeting. If the behavior is determined to be a manifestation of the child's disability, the school cannot proceed with the disciplinary action that would change the child's placement. Instead, the IEP team must review and possibly revise the IEP or behavioral intervention plan.

If the behavior is not a manifestation, the school may proceed with the disciplinary action, but they must still provide educational services to help the child progress in the general curriculum and towards their IEP goals.

Preparing for the Meeting

Preparation is key to a successful MDR meeting. Parents should gather relevant documents, such as the child's IEP, recent evaluations, and any communication with the school about the behavior.

It's also helpful for parents to prepare a list of questions or concerns they have about the incident and the school's handling of it. Being organized and informed can help parents advocate effectively for their child during the meeting.

What Happens After the Meeting?

After the MDR meeting, the team documents their findings and decisions. If changes to the IEP or additional supports are needed, the IEP team will reconvene to make those adjustments.

Parents should receive a written summary of the meeting's conclusions and any agreed-upon actions. It's important for parents to follow up on the implementation of any changes to ensure their child receives the necessary support.

Practical tips

  • Review your child's IEP and behavior intervention plan before the meeting.
  • Bring any relevant documentation, such as incident reports and communication with the school.
  • Prepare questions or concerns you have about the incident and the school's response.
  • Consider bringing a trusted advocate or support person to the meeting.
  • Stay calm and focused on your child's needs during the discussion.

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Not reviewing the child's IEP and behavior plan before the meeting.
  • Failing to bring necessary documents or evidence to support your case.
  • Not asking questions or voicing concerns during the meeting.
  • Overlooking the importance of documenting the meeting's outcomes and next steps.

Frequently asked questions

What is the purpose of a manifestation determination review?
The purpose is to determine if a child's behavior is linked to their disability, affecting how disciplinary actions are handled.
Who attends a manifestation determination review meeting?
Participants typically include the child's parents, IEP team members, a school psychologist, and sometimes the child.
What happens if the behavior is a manifestation of the disability?
If the behavior is a manifestation, the school cannot change the child's placement but must review and adjust the IEP if necessary.
Can the school discipline my child if the behavior is not a manifestation?
Yes, but they must still provide educational services to ensure the child continues to progress academically.
How can I prepare for a manifestation determination review meeting?
Gather relevant documents, prepare questions, and consider bringing an advocate or support person to the meeting.

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